铬渣污染场地的表层土壤由于粘性大、粒径小且污染严重成为治理的难点。
一周以后，当工人将最上层的表层土夯实以后，臭味就消失了。
手拿锄头和斧子，他们精心的建造出自己的平地，梯田，和简单的水处理系统，这样可以保持住最肥沃的表层土不要流失。
因此，农民是协助大自然重建能够存蓄雨水、抵抗风力和滋养各种植物的表面土壤。
那里没有树雨点落在表面，形成的洪水，而携带带走了丰富的表层土，庄稼长得这样好。
在铲去了表层土以后，加芬克尔发现了来自亚历山大大帝时期的硬币和其他人工制品。
耕作土壤表面空气动力学粗糙度是评价土壤可蚀性的重要指标。
通过将地球表层土的受侵蚀速度降低到新土形成的速度甚或更低，来保护表层土，其中包括两个关键步骤。
卫星图像显示，沙尘暴连绵不断地离开这些地区，每次都带走无数吨原有的表土层。
布希柏格教授说，移除表层土壤可以保证土地的使用安全，但这取决于放射性物质渗入的深度。
接近表层土，与表层土体的接触面积更大，块体不易脱落；
在中国各地，稀土矿场上的表层土遭到滥挖而流失，大量酸性污水涌入河床，致使山谷水土流失及环境污染极其严重。
吴哥可能已经遭受过和现代相同的问题，包括滥伐森林，人口过剩，表土退化和侵蚀。
在冬季相对温暖的时候，依然可以把这些储存下来的上层土壤运送到新的培植床上。
当表层黑土全部被冲走之后，农民们就向西部转移，建立新的种植园。
这些洪水一直非常有用，因为它们灌溉着尼罗河三角洲，沉积下厚厚的一层表土，可以用来种庄稼。
覆盖措施可明显提高土壤表层温度，但随深度的增大，影响程度逐渐减小；
矿工们挖去表层土，然后把这些闪着点点金光的粘土铲进一个灰坑内，用酸来提取出稀土矿。
在建造安置点的过程中，应当注意尽量减少对植被和表层土壤的破坏。
农场建立在史前湖床之上，这里积聚了富含营养的沉积物，形成了肥沃的表层土。
免耕模式的优点被强调为减少水分蒸发与逃逸，减少土壤侵蚀与表面土壤衰竭。
结果，四天之后当工人们揭开防水布时，冲天的臭气简直要把人熏晕过去。这些表层土很快被掩埋了起来。
农业省说，即便只给受污染的农田刮去4厘米厚的表土，就会产生330万吨的废土。
可见，土壤是石粒和曾经是活体的物质的混合物。表土中这种曾是活体的东西叫做“腐殖质”。
他们翻耕年代久远、几乎不长树的草场，然后任由树苗和表层土壤被风吹走。
1·As it crashed down the steep mountainside like a gigantic snowplough, it swept up trees, boulders and tons of topsoil, and completely crushed and destroyed the six villages that lay in its path.
它像一台巨大的扫雪机一样冲下陡峭的山坡，卷走了树木、巨石和成吨的表土，将沿途的六个村庄彻底摧毁。
2·Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually, thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland, on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood.
尼罗河在一年的大部分时间里平静而祥和，过去每年都会泛滥，从而创造，灌溉并把新的表土运到附近的农田，古埃及赖以生存。
3·Angkor may have suffered problems common to modern times, including deforestation, overpopulation, topsoil degradation and erosion.
吴哥可能已经遭受过和现代相同的问题，包括滥伐森林，人口过剩，表土退化和侵蚀。
4·One major problem is that degraded soils become compacted and so absorb less water, which then tends to run off the surface, taking topsoil with it.
一个主要的问题是，退化的土壤变得密实，造成吸水量减少，从而导致水从地表流失并将表土带走。
5·Excavation generally starts with the separate stripping of the organic topsoil, which is later reused for landscaping around the new structure.
通常土方发掘先将有机表土分别挖除，竣工后还可将其用于新修建物周围景观工程。
1·When rechargeable batteries degrade in landfills, heavy metals can taint the surrounding air, topsoil and groundwater, eventually getting inside our bodies.
当可再充电电池在垃圾中被降级时，重金属能污染周边的空气，表层土和地下水。最终进入人体。
2·When it rains hard, landslides sweep topsoil down to the sea. This pushes fish farther out, beyond the range of the fishermen's modest boats.
如果下大雨，泥石流把表层土冲到海里去，而这些泥土又把鱼儿赶远了，渔夫们破旧的小船追不到鱼。
3·Tip: Butchart Gardens was originally an exhausted limestone quarry before it was covered with topsoil and transformed into one of the world's most beautiful gardens.
贴士：布查德花园原是一个荒废的石灰石采矿场，后来才盖上了表层土，变成了世界上最美丽的花园之一。
4·Where there are no trees the rain falls on the surface, causing floods, and carries away with the rich topsoil, in which crops grow so well.
那里没有树雨点落在表面，形成的洪水，而携带带走了丰富的表层土，庄稼长得这样好。
5·When all the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but worthless deserted.
当所有的表层土就过去了，没有残余但毫无价值的空无一人。
1·Because of this increased concentration, regrowth of plants is minimal, leading to increased erosion, which leads to a decrease in the fertile topsoil, leading to even less regrowth.
由于浓度的增加，植物的再生长很少，导致侵蚀增加，使得肥沃的表层土壤减少，再生长更少。
2·Under flood conditions, great amounts of topsoil are washed to receiving streams.
在洪水泛滥时，大量表层土壤被冲刷到承受的水流中。
3·Straw mulching, cultivating and hoeing, regulating the root distribution in the topsoil are effective measures to reduce the soil evaporation.
秸秆覆盖、中耕锄划、调控表层土壤根系分布等可作为减少土壤蒸发的有效措施。
4·This topsoil tends to wash away.
表层土壤要冲掉了。
5·Drying or heating topsoil in commercial production is unnecessary because harmful microbes are ingested by beneficial microbes in healthy soil that is rich in organic matter.
在商业化生产表层土壤干燥或加热是不必要的，因为在健康的土壤，富含有机质有益微生物进入人体有害的微生物。
1·Changes of soil nutrients occurred mainly in the topsoil.
这些变化主要发生在土壤表层。
2·The amount of microorganism in topsoil was about 3 times higher than that in subsurface soil.
土壤表层微生物数量约为底层数量的3倍。
3·Ammonium and nitrate changed complexed. Spatial heterogeneity for topsoil moisture decreased after harvesting, however, which was largely affected by the vegetation growth seasonally.
土壤表层水分的空间异质性程度（基台值）在采伐后呈下降趋势，但受到草本植被季节性生长的强烈影响；
1·Thus, the different fertilization practices tended to(affect) not the depth distribution of TOC and POC but the content and proportion of POC in topsoil.
可见，不同的施肥处理并没有改变TOC和POC的深度分布格局，只是改变了它们在耕层土壤的含量以及POC的分配比例。
2·Red mud topsoil is a kind of product that can absorb a great amount of red mud and transfer it into secondary resources.
赤泥耕层土是一种大量消纳赤泥，同时又将其转化为二次资源的赤泥产品。