1·How about beavers—ecosystems with beavers in waterways.
海狸怎么样——水道中包含海狸的生态系统。
2·Once the fire is out, the grass and shrub ecosystems should return quickly.
火一旦被熄灭，草和灌木的生态系统就会很快恢复。
3·Species that invade a territory can harm ecosystems, agriculture and human health.
入侵一个地区的物种会危害生态系统、农业和人类健康。
4·Exotic insect pests can produce both short-and long-term effects on forest ecosystems.
外来害虫可以对森林生态系统产生短期和长期的影响。
5·Gleason's arguments against climax and biome are largely valid against ecosystems as well.
在很大程度上，格里森反对顶级群落和生物群系的论点用来反驳生态系统同样很有效。