1·There is a further constraint on an issuer’s ability to get a better deal.
发行人要想达成一笔更好的交易，还有一个更深层次的限制。
2·So if there is a default, the issuer of the credit default swap pays you, and so you gain just as the short seller gains when the price of the stock or bond that he's shorted falls.
从而一旦出现债务违约，信贷违约掉期的发行人将赔偿你，于是你就可以从中获利，正如空头在他看空的股票或债券价格下跌时获利一样。
3·If the credit card issuer applied the payment to the interest-bearing balance first, the customer would pay less interest overall.
如果信用卡发行人能够优先冲减有息债务，消费者支付的利息总额将大大减少。
4·Just as house insurance will cost more for those living next to a fireworks factory, a CDS becomes more expensive when the finances of the bond issuer deteriorate (see chart).
就跟住在烟火制造厂家附近的居民要多付房屋保险一样，当国债发行人的资金状况日益恶化情况下，信用违约掉期也会变得更贵。
5·General Obligation bonds are backed by the "full faith and credit" of the issuer.
—普通债务债券由发行人的信用做保证。
1·The card issuer asserts that these claims are valid.
卡发行方断言这些声明是有效的。
2·The issuer of the financial assets can settle it with a sum which is obviously lower than the post-amortization cost;
该金融资产的发行方可以按照明显低于其摊余成本的金额清偿。
3·To a certain extent, the use of proceeds by a High Yield issuer is restricted by the restricted Payment covenants.
高收益债券发行方的资金用途，在某种程度上，受到受限制支付契约的限制。
1·These bonds allow investors to diversify their assets and pay much higher interest rates to compensate for the risk of the issuer not repaying the principal in the event of a major catastrophe.
这些债券让投资者得以实现资产多元化，而且这些债券的利率很高，可以补偿发行机构在巨灾发生后本金得不到偿付所带来的风险。
2·When a purchase is made, the credit card user agrees to pay the card issuer.
当刷卡消费后，信用卡持卡人愿意付报酬给信用卡发行机构。